Gain matrix: asserting that a bench test on 250 S&P 500 assets is sufficient for large-scale portfolio optimization presents asymmetric incentives. Who benefits from presenting such a test as significant, ignoring that market dynamics for thousands of assets are radically different for funds managing billions? If everyone bases their strategies on such limited samples, the risk of an underperforming equilibrium, where the real opportunities of multi-million dollar portfolios are ignored, becomes the dominant strategy. A pension fund manager like the GPIF of Japan, with its thousands of positions, could not ignore the inherent complexity of managing a much larger universe based on such a limited sample.